Julius h



'. MEISSNER.

, Grate.

' Patented 0m. 22, "1867.

N.FETERs, FNOTO-LITHOGMFHER, WASHINGTON, D C.

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JULIUS H. MEISSNER, OF NEW YORK, N. Letters Patent No. 7Q,102, dated October 22, 1867.

IMPROVEMENT IN GRATES.

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Be it known that I, JULIUS H. MEISSNER, of the city, county, and'State of New York, have invented certain new and useful improvements in Grates; and I do hereby declare the'following to be a full, clear, and. exact description of the nature, construction, and operation of the same, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, which are made apart of this specification, and in which I Figure 1 is a vertical section of a grate illustrating my invention, the plane of section being indicated by the line a: :c, fig. 2.

Figure 2 is a front elevation of the same.

Similar letters of reference indicate corresponding parts in the two figures The object of this invention is to avoid smoke and attain perfect combustion without departing from situ plicity of construction, or adding to the cost of manufacture. The grate belongs to the class in which the fresh fuel is supplied below the incandescent mass, so that the air, instead of passing immediately through the intensely heated or burning portion of the fuel, is first subjected to the more gradual heat below the incandescent fuel, where it mixes with the disengaged gases and is thus prepared for complete and instantaneous combustion when it reaches the fire or burning portion of the mass.

The special features of my invention may be briefly stated as follows v First. I provide the. grate with a shelf, platform, or other support, which occupies a position coincident, or nearly so, with the tops of the low-er grate-bars, or those ,upon which thefuel rests, and which enables the fresh fuel to be introduced below the incandescent fuel, as hereinafter explained.

Secondly. I arrange at the rear of the lower grate-bars a curved or inclined piece, or any equivalent appliance, so that, in the act of introducing fresh fuel from below, the lower portion of the fuel, or that in the vicinity of the lower grate-bars, is displaced and upheaved in such a manner as to be thrown upon the top of the burning mass, and thereby submitted to effective combustion.

Thirdly. I arrange a series of front bars, either curved or straight, in such a manner as to leave an intervening space beneath their lower ends, through which to supply the fuel to the grate, said bars projecting downward from a common supporting bar, which is sufliciently' removed from the vicinity of active combustion to avoid danger of being destroyed by heat.

To enable others skilled in the art to which my invention-appertains to fully understand and use the same, I will proceed to describe it in detail, in connection with the accompanying drawings. 1

A A A may represent the horizontal grate-bars, upon which the fuelrests, each of'said bars being formed at its opposite extremities with axial pivots, a, which rest loosely in notches or hearings in the fixed supporting bars B B, one of which is situated at each side of the grate; The grate-bars A thus mounted in position, independently of each other, are capable of simultaneous vibration, by means of the central reciprocating bar 0, which is formed with notches or depressions to accommodate the lower edges of the bars A, as represented in fig. l. D may representa horizontal shelf, extending forward from the point where the grate-"bars commence, and secured in position, permanently or otherwise. The position of this shelf is to be substantially that in which it is represented in the drawings, fig. 1 that is to say, it occupies nearly the same level as the tops of the grate-bars A, but any deviation from the particular representation here given may he admitted without departing from the essential principle of my invention, as it is only'nccessary that the shelf D be so situated as to enable the fuel to be readily introduced therefrom into the lower part of the grate. This shelf may be constituted of one or more members, and it should be here stated that its form or construction is not regarded as material in carrying out the present plan, as anything partaking of the nature of a shelf, platform, or support is contemplated under this head. E E E are the front bars, which may be either curved or straight, and which may occupy either a vertical or inclined position, sufficient space being left between the lower extremities of said bars and the shelf D to enable the coal to be introduced, as above described. The support for all the front grate-bars E is afforded by the transverse bar E, to which the upper ends of said grate-barsare united, and which may be supported in suitable castings F F, at the opposite sides of the grate. It will be seen that the supporting bar Eis not in the immediate vicinity of the burning fuel, OILWhlCiil account it is not liable to be burned out or destroyed by heat. G represents a curved plate, extending backward and upward from the point where the lower grate-bars terminate, and employed to give an upward tendency to the fuel;

which is displaced from the bottom of the grate by the introduction of a fresh supply. The fuel thus displaced is gradually moved to the top of the burning mass where combustion is actively progressing, and having been previously acted upon by the heat, it is adapted for rapid and complete combustion. The plate G may be perforated to admit .the upward passage of the air from below, or it may be plain if preferred. In fact it is not necessary to employ a single plate for the purpose named, as any appliance for giving an upward direction to the coal in being displaced from the bottom of the grate by a fresh supply may be substituted; for instance, a series of bars, extending backward and upward from the lower grate-bars may be employed if desired.

The air not being prematurely deprived of its oxygen, acts upon the burning coal with its full effect. All the moisture in the coal, and all the gases which it gives out before it becomes completely ignited, have to pass through the incandescent fuel, where they are decomposed and consumed. It will be observed, also, that as often as a fresh supply is introduced from below the entire contents of the grate are agitated, and a new position is assumed by the particles, thereby preventing the formation ofclinker-s or the banking of the coal, and also dislodging the ashes, etc.

Having thus described my invention, the following is what I claim as new herein, and desire 4:0 secure Letters Patent I I 1. I claim a grate, hailing a shelf or other equivalent provision, arranged in such relation to the lower grate-bars as to enable the fresh fuel to be introduced into the grate below the incandescent portion of the mass, which is supported upon said lower grate-bars, substantially as'described.

2. I claim the curved plate G or any equivalent thereof, as a means for directing upward the incandescent fuel which is displaced in the act of introducing fresh fuel, substantially as and for the purpose described.

3. In a grate in which the fuel is supplied from below, I claim a congeries of curved or straightfroht grate, joined or attached to a common support a't'their upper ends, substantially as and for the purpose specified. JULIUS H. MEISSNER.

Witnesses:

GHAs. D. SMITH,

0. Evans Woons. 

